Architecture And Archæology.

1 uive not one dark room , nor one inconvenient passage , nor any door close by a lire-place , nor a chamber without a chimney , proceed to consider how you ma } - make that framework beautiful . But remember that tho size and position of every parfc is irrevocably determined already by the laws of convenience . Not ono must bo altered . The artist's work , which yet remains , is only concerned with their shape and

their adornment . Consider , then , first , the outlines of your lowest windows and your principal doorwaj-s . Make them as simply beautiful as you can consistently with their necessary size and their position at the base of the building . Then take the other stories in succession , studying only the outlines of the parts , giving no thought at present to carvings or colourings , or any other details of ornament . Finally ,

ascend to tho roof , and crowu your building ivith a sky-lino free and bold and varied , but not cut up into a crowd of points . Then again re-view the elevation as a ivhole . Sec that there is a distinct unity of idea and feeling and expression throughout the design , and yet variety enough to make it pleasingly picturesque . When you are satisfied ivith the outline as a whole , and in all its parts , the next step will be to calculate the cost . Bo sure to allow for well-made bricks , the best quality of mortar , aud sound , seasoned

timber . If you iind the cost of the building you have designed greater than thc amount j-ou have to spend , take off something from the accommodation , not from thc materials , for at present you havo put no unnecessary expence upon them ; aud however little you may build , you are bound to let the workmanship of that little be good . If , however , the estimated cost is clearly within your means , you may

then , and not till then , consider what amount of ornamentation you can afford ; or , if your means arc unlimited , what amount the design ivill bear ivithout losing its simpiicity and unity . I believe , if those rules were followed , they would inevitably lead to a style of building in which the general principles of gothic architecture ivould predominate ; but they would certainlnot lead to tho servile imitation of

y any old forms of gothic , because they arc based upon the conveniences aud requirements ofthe present day , ivhile ail the old forms were adapted , not to our requirements , but to others of a long day past . On this foundation alone can we Lope to raise a national architecture , ivhieh shall set a mark of beauty on this century such as the builders of Greece stamped indelibly upon their marvellous ago—such as the

freemasons of Western Euro ]}© wrote in towers and pinnacles upon tho century ofthe first three Edwards . At the conclusion of the paper a long discussion ensued , in ivhieh several members , including Mr . W . N . Eeeve , Dr . Barclay , Mr . W . Millican , Eev . 0 " . Coe , & c , differed iu certain points ivith tho lecturer , after which a vote of thanks was - unanimously accorded to Mr . Mott for his very in-Btract-ivo and interesting paper .

GENEEAL ARCHITECTURAL INTELLIGENCE . Improvements have been made at Parkhnrst barracks . A gallery has been erected . The contractor for erecting the married soldiers' quarters , according to the plan of the Secretary at War , Mr . Sidney Herbert , has commenced preparing for the foundation for the building , which is to be laced at the

p western end , and facing the parade ground , which is also in tho course of restoration . A well for the neiv barracks is now digging , and which it is calculated ivill require to be carried to the depth of 300 feet before a sufficient supply of water will bo obtained . An extraordinary general meeting of the Leeds Philosophical ancl Literary Society has been held , to receive tho of their committee

report building , and to decide upon some means for carrying out the proposed additions to and alterations in the hall of the socio t j ' . The chairman explained that two sets of plans had been submitted to thc committee , and one had been chosen . According to the selected plan the estimated expense , in all , ivas £ 26 ' 6 ' 2 . Tho committee , howeverfelt stronglthat a new elevation ivould be

, y required , the cost of which would amount to £ 5-10 . Thus there were £ 3202 for the inside ancl outside of the old and new buildings . In order to carry out the plan an additional sum of £ ' 1200 would be wanted . After some discussion the following resolutions were carried : — "That it would be

desirable to carry out the plans produced , and adopt the improved exterior elevation , as wcli as the internal arrangements , provided tho requisite funds can be obtained ; and that for that purpose the subscription should , if possible , be raised to £ S 0 O 0 ; " and "That the general committee be requested to continue their services , ancl , if the required fund can be raised , to proceed ivith the execution ofthe work . "

The Hull Park Committee have decided that the People ' s Park should be laid out at a cost not exceeding £ 5000 , exclusive of planting the trees . Mr . Pearson ( ox-mayor ) has made arrangements ivith Mr . Earle , the sculptor , for a marble statue of her Majesty , to be erected in the park . A subscription is at present on foot in Hull for raising a statue ot Mr . Pearson , the donor of thc park .

Tbe church of Walton St . Michael , Walton ( Bucks ) , has undergone a general reparation , and been reopened . The old unsightly pewing , which crowded up the nave of the church , has given ivay to open benches . Tho choir has been simply fitted in oak . The pavements of the sacrarium and chancel have been re-laid with tiles in plain colours , intermixed ivith the old stone paving . Anew commuuion-tab ' c , rail , and sedillia have been provided . Tho

east window lias been repaired and glazed with stencilled quarries ; a new vestry added on the north side of the chancel : and a- choir organ erected—partially recessed in tho wall—with the key-board fitted into ' the stall-desk . The neiv church at Stantonbury , Wolverton , which has recently been erected for the accommodation of thc largo population connected with the works of the London and

North-Western Railn-uy at Wolverton , has been consecrated .. The edifice is situated about three-quarters of a mile from the Wolverton station , on the west side , and is built of stone , in the Decorated Gothic style of architecture , from the designs of Mr . Street , of London . The tower and spire ,, ivbich are intended to be raised to a height of 1-56 feet , nro left unfinished from want of funds . The interior is ivithout

galleries , and has an open-timbered roof , with aisles , and unenclosed seats , instead of pews . Thc walls are of Cosgrovc stone , [ with Ancestor dressings , the marble pilasters supporting the arches being of a dark red colour . The stone pulpit occupies a kind of recess on ono side , and bears au inscription to the effect that it ivas presented by the foreman and workmen of thc Wolverton factory . There is also an octangular stone font , the gift ofthe Marchioness of Chandos , the wife ofthe Chairman of tho North-Western . The

entrances and ftoor aro paved ivith tiles . The church contains sittings for nearly 500 persons . Tho cost of the structure , so far as it is noiv completed , has been £ -1430 , of which sum thc shareholders of the London and North-Western Railway havo contributed £ 2560 , and persons locally interested , and * others , £ 1870 . A further sum of £ 1000 will bo required to complete the spire and the upper part of thc tower . A

burial-ground surrounds thc church ; aud nearly contiguous to it aro school-rooms , large enough for 400 children , which havo now been in use for a considerable period . ^ St . Thomas ' s Church , Southborcugh , erected at a cost of £ 21-00 , has been consecrated . The edifice was completed ' about fourteen months ago . Thc design is in the Early-Pointed style " of architecture , and thc materials used are tho Kentish

rag and Bath stone . Tbe building consists of a nave , north and south aisles , and chancel with north and south aisles , an organ-chamber , south porch , and vestry . A clerestory , with eight cinquefoil windows , serves to lio-ht the upper part of the nave , and terminates at thc west end of the building in a double bell gable , beneath which is a couple of lancet windows divided ba massive buttress

y extending from the bell gable downward , and terminatino' at the base iu a western , doorway . The remaining windows throughout arc of a simple character , disposed ' in lancets , trefoilheaded and soilit-cusped . The roofs arc covered with slates from the Bangor and Talacre quarries , disposed in ornamental patterns . Internall y the church is of Calverloy stone , with alternated round and octangular iersarchesancl

p ,, , dressings of that material . It is arranged to accommodate upwards of 300 on the ground-liooiv with open scats of deal , stained and varnished , as arc tho exposed timbers of tho open roof . New schools connected with St . Clement ' s Church , Bristol have been opened . The building consists of school-room 70