Intellectual Division Of Labour.

faults of the intolerant classic period now gone by , or those of the not less intolerant Gothie of our own day . The works of a considerable number of men of undoubted power are marked by defects which are extremely to be regretted , a neglect of composition and mass in design , a pettiness in detail , and a wilful eccentricity in features . The study of the principles on which Italian or Greek

buildings are composed , would be the very antidote to these faults ; but these are tbe very buildings aboufc which the Gothicists delight to say thafc they know nothing , and care less ! It is to be hoped that a liberal view of what professional training should be is gaining ground , and that the importance of the most extensive scientific , literary , and

artistic attainments to the true architect is beginning to be felt . Architecture is by right the queen of the arts , and she links them with the Sciences on one hand , and with the Muses on the other . It behoves her sons , therefore , to make themselves masters of these three fields of knowledge and power . Until they do so habitually , earnestly , and comprehensively , they will not rise to the full dignity of their calling . — " Building : News

Masonic Notes And Queries.

MASONIC NOTES AND QUERIES .

SEAL OS THE YORK KITE . Can any one of your antiquarian readers explain why the seal of the York brothers , or Lodge of Heredom Templars , bear the presumed arms of King Arthur , the grandson of Constantine , whose degree is said to be given under that rite ? Arthur erected a fraternity of knights to which " none were admitted but those who made

sufficient proofs of their valour and dexterity in arms They were to protect and defend xoidoios , maidens , and children , relieve the distressed , maintain the Christian faith , contribute to the church , to protect pilgrims , advance honour , and suppress vice . To " bury soldiers that wanted sepidcures , to ransom captives , deliver prisoners , and administer to the cure of wounded soldiers hurt in the service of their country . To record all noble enterprises , that the same thereof may ever live to their honour and the renown of the noble order . " Hugh Clarke . —A

RED CROSS 01 * CONSTANTINE . Permit me to refer " A Knight of Malta " to Hugh Clarke's History of Knighthood , vol i , p . 209 , where he will find some particulars of the Order , or as the book is scarce , ifc may be better to append the account . " The Order of St , George in Italy . The time of tbe institution of this Order is uncertain , some placing it under

Constantine the Great , and others with more appearance of reason , under the princes of the Imperial House of Commenes , of ivhom it is said that four and thirty have been successively Grand Masters of it . However this may be , it is certain the Order fell into disuse , and was not thought of until Charles V . revived it , and . declared himself the Grand Master of it , and appointed his natural

son , Don John of Austria his deputy . The Order was divided into three classes , 1 . The Grand Collars , who were fifty in number , and who regulated all the others . 2 . The professed Knights and Barristers . 3 . The Knights in waiting . The badge of the collar was Sfc . George slaying the Dragon , and the collar composed of fifteen gold platesrichly chased on the ed and enamelled blue

, ges , . On fourteen of the plates is the cypher X and P , between the capitals A and & . On the centre oval , which is edged with laurel leaves , the cypher X . P . is placed on a cross patonde , red edged gold , having on on its points the letters I . H . S . V . ( the motto of the present Templar Order ) . "—A

ANTIQUITY OF THE EOSE CROIX DEGREE . Allow me to protest against such sweeping assertions as those of Bro . Eindel , when the merest tyro knows thafc in England ifc was practised in another form centuries before . Our bigoted brother will next assert that there is no proof before 1760 of the existence of the Templar Order . —A .

NAPOLEON THE EIRST . The brother at Chambery , whose communication under this head appears in the FREEMASONS' MAGAZINE of the Sth of April last , makes a second communication on the same subject . It consists merely of the words of a toasfc proposed at a banquet of an Italian lodge , a written account of whose proceediugs is in his Masonic

collection . The banquet took place afc Milan on the Feast of Sfc . Joseph , 1807 . The lodge was entitled the Eoyal Josephine . Words of the toasfc , "A Novpoleone il Grande , Frate , hwperadore , e Re , Pretettore . " Our brother at Chambery this time professes to disclose the motive for his communications . It is that the name of Napoleon fche First may be found in the index of each of the

volumes of the MAGAZINE for the present year , and thafc on reference to the two commnuications ifc may appear thafc "Napoleon le Grand" was the Protector of the Masonic Order aud a brother Mason . —CHARMS PURTON COOPER , Chateau Frampas , 2 nd Dec , 1862 .

GEORGE ALEXANDER STEVENS . Was the celebrated satirist George Alexander Stevens a Mason , and , if so , to what lodge did he belong ?—T . T . MASONRY IN SCRIPTURE . Does the text following allude to Freemasonry ? They that have used the office of a Deacon well , have purchased to themselves a good degree . —St . Paul . —B . —[ No . The Deaconship spoken of was that of fche Christian Church under the Apostle . ]

SOUTHERN EQUESTRIAN KNIGHTS TEMPLAR . On old number of the Boston Journal , speaking of an inauguration of a statue of Bro . George Washington in Eichmond , Virginia , says : —The Eichmond Knights Templar were the finest feature of fche scene . Afc the North only the officers of this body ride , and they are terribly scared , cutting a most ridiculous figure . But here afc Eichmond , there were a hundred knights , each one an admirable horsemen , well mounted . It was a fine sight to witness their martial evolutions . ''—Ex . Ex .

BRO . ELIAS ASHMOLE . What evidence is there that the Antiquary , Ashmole , was a Mason?—H . J . ASHMOLE *—[ We have before given the proofs , but as we know Bro . Ashmole to be a descendent of the Antiquary we have much pleasure in repeating the statement taken from his life . " On the 16 th of October , 1646 , Mr . Ashmole was elected a brother of the

Ancient and Honourable Society of Free and Accepted Masons , which he looked upon , as a very distinguishing character , and has given a particular account of the lodge , afc Warrington , in Lancashire , where he was made a brother ; and iu some of his MS . there are very valuable collections relating to the history ofthe Freemasons , as may be collected from the letters of Dr . Kni of

pe , Christ Church , to the publisher of bis life , in one of which is the following passage : As to the ancient society of Freemasons , concerning whom you are desirous of knowing what may be known with certainty , I shall only tell you , thafc if our worthy brother , E . Ashmole , Esq ., had executed his intended design , our fraternity had beeu as much obliged to him as the brethren of themosb

noble Order of the Garter . I would not have you surprised at this expression , or think it at all too assuming . The sovereigns of that Order have nofc disdained our fellowship , and there have been times when emperors were also Freemasons . What , from Mr . E . Ashmole ' s collection I could gather , was , that the report of our society's taking rise from a bull granted by the Pope , iu the reigu of Henry III ., to some Italian architects to