Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Reviews.
principles of mutual sympathy ancl mutual relief , ancl thus it Avas , undoubtedly , that the girilds played a most important part in the social Avelf ' are ancl temporal comfort of a very large class of Englishmen and Englishwomen . Guilds Avere it may be said divided into two great classes , though each class may perhaps be susceptible of one or more sub-divisions .
These tAvo great distinguishing ^ classes Avere religious guilds and trading guilds . The religious guilds Avere those Aidiich concerned themselves as religious brotherhoods , simply on religious grounds , not only to attend to religious services ancl ceremonies but they also duly carried out
Avhat Archbishop Hincmar called " obsequium religionis , " the offices of religion , in the mutual assistance they offered to their members in sickness , and -poverty , and temporal calamity , in the relief they afforded to pilgrims ancl Avayfarers , in visiting
the sick , educating the young , maintaining the infirm , and in burying the dead . For not only did they inter their OAVII brethren ancl sisters , but even the poor ancl friendless at the cost of their guild . The guilds generally met quarterly , or three times a year for the transaction of the business of
the guilds , and always had an annual assembly , generally on the clay of their Patron Saint , Avhen they had a common feast at the expense of the guild , though in some cases the members contributed a small amount for their dinner . At the same time food and drink were given to the poor .
These guilds not only maintained almshouses , but alms-brethren , and alms-sisters , ancl schoolmasters , ancl chaplains to officiate either in then guild chapels , or in one of the chantries of the neighbouring Church or Minster . There Avere also a class of
guilds , which though not so specifically religious yet Avas in some Avay connected Avith religion , ancl carried out some special purpose , whether as connected Avith the regular celebration of Divine Service , or the restoration of Ecclesiastical buildings , or the elevation of HBAV ones . We hear in
this very volume of the guild of Ringers , and more than one guild of Corpus Christi Day , and Ave are also told elseAvhere , of Bishop Lucy ' s guild for rebuilding Winchester Cathedral . We have our attention called in this volume to the guild of the Palmers at LudloAV , founded by twenty-seven persons
A . D . 1284 . They maintained three chaplains , ancl gave to their members help in case of theft , fire , shipAvreek , so ' that as one of their' rules says , " Avhoever bears the name of this giuld shall be upreared again through the ordinancesand goodsancl
, , help of his brethren . " Brethren ancl sisters in sickness AA ere to be helped " as to their bodily needs " " out of the common fund , " " until their health is reneAved as before , " ancl in case of "incurable disorder" the goods of the guild were " largely" to be
" bestoAved " on him or her . The following is an interesting ordinance of this same gudd . " If any good g irl of marriageable age cannot have the means found by her father , either to go into a religious house or to manyAvhichever she Avishes to -do
, , friendly ancl right help . shall be given her out of our means and our common chest toAvards enabling her to do Avhich ever of the tAvo she pleases . " Like unto this AA as the Shipmaii's guild at Lynn , Avhich met
three times a year for business meetings , for the general meeting annually , ancl tho common feast ; they Avere to relieve sick ancl poor brethren , and attend their funerals , and one of their rules Avas that no guild brother should be surety for another personAvithout leave of the guild .
, Another similar guild Was that of the young Scholars , of the guild of St . William •of Lynn , formed by _ young scholars AVIIO assembled at St . Margaret ' s Church there . They Avere to attend the funerals of their brethren , and help one another in case of
poverty , or loss at sea , or other mishap . They Avere to have a " sjiekyng to gedyr " three times a year , ancl they were to meet once a year for a religious service and making of offerings . Nothing is said about an annual feastthough it Avould bo
, probably , as some of their rules are defective , on the clay of their Patron Saint . There are several other guilds of the same kind such as the famous guild of St . George of NorAvich .
We may observe that the oldest guild so far knoAA'ii , is one founded ancl encloAvod by Orcy , a friend of Canute tho Great , in honour of God ancl St . Peter . It has the same regulations of guild Avork Avhich distinguish the later guilds . There Avas also a young . man ' s gudd to Avhich Ethelberfc
made a grant of land A . D . 860 . Miss Toulmin Smith thinks that there is a distinction in the guilds and calls many of them , such
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Reviews.
principles of mutual sympathy ancl mutual relief , ancl thus it Avas , undoubtedly , that the girilds played a most important part in the social Avelf ' are ancl temporal comfort of a very large class of Englishmen and Englishwomen . Guilds Avere it may be said divided into two great classes , though each class may perhaps be susceptible of one or more sub-divisions .
These tAvo great distinguishing ^ classes Avere religious guilds and trading guilds . The religious guilds Avere those Aidiich concerned themselves as religious brotherhoods , simply on religious grounds , not only to attend to religious services ancl ceremonies but they also duly carried out
Avhat Archbishop Hincmar called " obsequium religionis , " the offices of religion , in the mutual assistance they offered to their members in sickness , and -poverty , and temporal calamity , in the relief they afforded to pilgrims ancl Avayfarers , in visiting
the sick , educating the young , maintaining the infirm , and in burying the dead . For not only did they inter their OAVII brethren ancl sisters , but even the poor ancl friendless at the cost of their guild . The guilds generally met quarterly , or three times a year for the transaction of the business of
the guilds , and always had an annual assembly , generally on the clay of their Patron Saint , Avhen they had a common feast at the expense of the guild , though in some cases the members contributed a small amount for their dinner . At the same time food and drink were given to the poor .
These guilds not only maintained almshouses , but alms-brethren , and alms-sisters , ancl schoolmasters , ancl chaplains to officiate either in then guild chapels , or in one of the chantries of the neighbouring Church or Minster . There Avere also a class of
guilds , which though not so specifically religious yet Avas in some Avay connected Avith religion , ancl carried out some special purpose , whether as connected Avith the regular celebration of Divine Service , or the restoration of Ecclesiastical buildings , or the elevation of HBAV ones . We hear in
this very volume of the guild of Ringers , and more than one guild of Corpus Christi Day , and Ave are also told elseAvhere , of Bishop Lucy ' s guild for rebuilding Winchester Cathedral . We have our attention called in this volume to the guild of the Palmers at LudloAV , founded by twenty-seven persons
A . D . 1284 . They maintained three chaplains , ancl gave to their members help in case of theft , fire , shipAvreek , so ' that as one of their' rules says , " Avhoever bears the name of this giuld shall be upreared again through the ordinancesand goodsancl
, , help of his brethren . " Brethren ancl sisters in sickness AA ere to be helped " as to their bodily needs " " out of the common fund , " " until their health is reneAved as before , " ancl in case of "incurable disorder" the goods of the guild were " largely" to be
" bestoAved " on him or her . The following is an interesting ordinance of this same gudd . " If any good g irl of marriageable age cannot have the means found by her father , either to go into a religious house or to manyAvhichever she Avishes to -do
, , friendly ancl right help . shall be given her out of our means and our common chest toAvards enabling her to do Avhich ever of the tAvo she pleases . " Like unto this AA as the Shipmaii's guild at Lynn , Avhich met
three times a year for business meetings , for the general meeting annually , ancl tho common feast ; they Avere to relieve sick ancl poor brethren , and attend their funerals , and one of their rules Avas that no guild brother should be surety for another personAvithout leave of the guild .
, Another similar guild Was that of the young Scholars , of the guild of St . William •of Lynn , formed by _ young scholars AVIIO assembled at St . Margaret ' s Church there . They Avere to attend the funerals of their brethren , and help one another in case of
poverty , or loss at sea , or other mishap . They Avere to have a " sjiekyng to gedyr " three times a year , ancl they were to meet once a year for a religious service and making of offerings . Nothing is said about an annual feastthough it Avould bo
, probably , as some of their rules are defective , on the clay of their Patron Saint . There are several other guilds of the same kind such as the famous guild of St . George of NorAvich .
We may observe that the oldest guild so far knoAA'ii , is one founded ancl encloAvod by Orcy , a friend of Canute tho Great , in honour of God ancl St . Peter . It has the same regulations of guild Avork Avhich distinguish the later guilds . There Avas also a young . man ' s gudd to Avhich Ethelberfc
made a grant of land A . D . 860 . Miss Toulmin Smith thinks that there is a distinction in the guilds and calls many of them , such