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  • April 16, 1887
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    Article PROVINCIAL GRAND CHAPTER SOUTH WALES (EASTERN DIVISION). Page 1 of 1
    Article PROVINCIAL GRAND CHAPTER SOUTH WALES (EASTERN DIVISION). Page 1 of 1
    Article EARLY MASONIC HALLS IN PHILADELPHIA. Page 1 of 1
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Ar00200

facts of current Masonic history , especially in its own neighbourhood and within its own borders . For its especial behoof , therefore , we venture respectfully to point out , as regards the Grand Lodge of England , that it has never advanced any such claim as our contemporary suggests against either the Grand Lodgeof Canada or the Grand Lodge of Quebec ,

which both exercise jurisdiction independencies of the British Crown . All our said Grand Lodge has done , has been to insist that Canada and Quebec should respect the rig hts of such lodges of English Constitution in those dependencies as preferred remaining in their original obedience ; in other words , that they should not interfere with its own rights as already

established years before either the Canadian or Quebec Grand Lodges were thought of . Canada has always gracefully conceded this right , Quebec has not , and there the matter rests . This , however , is very different from exercising or claiming to exercise jurisdiction within the borders of Canada

or Ouebec which England by treaty in the case of Canada , and without treaty in that of Quebec , has never dreamt of attempting . We have no fear of argument , but the Canadian Craftsman will do well to avoid making assertions which are capable , as in this instance , of immediate disproof .

Provincial Grand Chapter South Wales (Eastern Division).

PROVINCIAL GRAND CHAPTER SOUTH WALES ( EASTERN DIVISION ) .

A meeting of unusual interest , to which we took an opportunity of referring last week , was held in the Masonic Hall , Working-street , Cardiff , on Monday , the 4 th inst ., when M . E . Comp . Marmaduke Tennant , who for some time past has held the important office of Deputy Prov . G . Master under Bro . Sir George Elliot , Bart ., M . P ., P . G . M ., was installed Prov .

G . Superintendent of Royal Arch Masons , the ceremony being performed by Comp . Col . Shadwell H . Clerke , Grand Scribe E ., in his usual able and impressive manner , assisted by Comps . Col . Lyne , P . G . Supt . Monmouthshire , and Col . Adair , P . G . Supt . Somersetshire , who occupied the chairs

of H . and J . respectively . Considerably over 100 companions must have been present on the occasion . The most conspicuous among them being Comps . the Earl of Limerick , G . S . N . ; H . Sandeman , Past District G . Supt . Bengal ; Col . Somerville Burney , Past G . S . N . ; and J . C . Parkinson , Past G . S . B .

At the conclusion of the ceremony the Prov . G . Supt . appointed his officers for the year . Comp . J . G . Hall ... ... ... ... Prov . G . H . „ S . Cooper ... ... ... ... Prov . G . J . „ W . Whittington ... ... ... Prov . G . S . E . „ T . Matthews ... ... ... ... Prov . G . S . N . ,, Tames Hurman ... ... ... Prov . G . Treas .

„ John Rogers ... ... ... ... Prov . G . Reg . „ H . Simons ... ... ... ... Prov . G . P . S . „ W . G . Davies ... ... ... Prov . G . ist A . S . ,, D . C . Jones ... ... ... ... Prov . G . 2 nd A . S . .. E . Roberts ... ... .,. ... Prov . G . Swd . Br .

„ J . McKim ... ... ... ... Prov . G . Std . Br . „ - J . C . Sladen ... ... ... ... Prov . G . D . C . „ Geo . Jones ... ... ... ... Prov . A . G . D . C . „ Geo . Allen .., ... ... ... Prov . G . Org . „ G . Bullerwell ... ... ... Prov . G . Janitor . Provincial Grand Chapter was afterwards closed , and the companions

adjourned to banquet at the Royal Hotel , M . E . Comp . M . Tennant presiding , and being well supported by his officers , and the distinguished visitors from London and the adjoining provinces , among whom , in addition to those we have already mentioned

were—Comps . Sir George Elliot , P . Z . ; S . George Homfray , P . G . S . B . and P . G . H . Mon . ; S . Weichert , P . Z . ; Hartley Feather , John T . Thomas , J . H . Taylor , E . H . Lloyd , A . Perkins , P . Z . ; C . H . Oliver , jun ., P . Z . ; R . Laybourne , D . R . David , Arthur H . Roberts , W . D . John , Edward Dawson , G . Bowden , Ivor J . Roberts , Edward Ensor , E . Bregeon , B . P . Davies , W . Davies , G . W . Clare , Lewis Jones , F . P . Adey , J . R

Davies , G . H . Llewellyn , J . Sanders , W . F . Stevens , John H . Dunn , Stephen Lewis , H . W . Davies , VV . Anstice , T . Phillips , A . Peters , Charles F . Gooch , J . A . Kelly , Alfred Taylor , D . Godfrey Thomas , E . Edgar Morgan , John M . Smith , George Hazell , Samuel Davies , Sidney Coleman , Thomas Kvans , C . Carey Thomas , H . T . Box , T . P . Martin , Richard Male , I . F . M'Clune , VV . R . Perrott , J . O . Lewis , George Thomas , A . P .

Fabian , W . G . Flanders , W . H . 3 hute , Joseph Jones , Samuel Davies , R . Parry , F . Bradford , J . Hughes . A . J . Sinclair , T . Walters , | . Rogers , Edwin J . Whitley , Fred . Russell , R . Capper , W . F . Gillett , W . Pickford , T . P . Garrett , Herbert Reece , W . H . Davies , A . Barnett , J . Peckwer , H . L . Lace , D , Williams , J . R . Wood , John Munday , J . C . Sladen , R . Price , J . W . Mitchell , W . C . Hurley , W . J . Jones , and A . Jenkins .

We may state that another Royal Arch Chapter is being formed at Penrith , which will be attached to Lodge No . 960 , and will be consecrated at an early date . In the course of the proceedings a deputation from Pontypridd was introduced for the purpose of presenting Sir George Elliot , Bart ., M . P ., Prov .

Grand Master of the province , with the silver trowel used by him on the occasion of his laying the foundation-stone of the Masonic Hall at Pontypridd . The deputation consisted of Bros . Stephen Lewis , W . M . of the Merlin Lodge ; Dr . H . N . Davies , P . P . G . R . ; R . Male , P . P . G . R . ; J . F . M'Clune , J . D . ; and W . R . Parrott , P . G . W .

Bro . LEWIS , W . M ., in making the presentation , said : Right Worshipful Provincial Grand Master , —It is with extreme pleasure I have the honour , with the brethren who accompany me , to meet you to-day , on behalf of the members of the Merlin Lodge , for the purpose of presenting you with the trowel used by you on the occasion of laying the foundation-stone of the

Masonic Hall at Pontypridd . The members of the Merlin Lodge fully appreciate the sinceie interest you have always taken in their welfare , which has been specially shown by your munificent gift , as an inducement to them to provide a suitable home for the lod ge . They recoanise the impetus which you thus gave to the scheme ; and I am pleased to be able to assure you that the lodge has used every effort to raise a superstructure

Provincial Grand Chapter South Wales (Eastern Division).

perfect in all its parts , and honourable to the builder , and they hope second to none in the province under your rule . In handing to you the trowel , \ ve hope that the Most High will be pleased to spare you to us for many years to come , to look upon it as an extra bond of union between the lodge and yourself , as well as between yourself and the district , and that when \ t

pleases Him to summon you to the Grand Lodge above , the trowel may be handed down to , and treasured by , a worthy successor to a worth y sire . The annual festival of the Merlin Lodge will take place on the first Monday in May , and as the new lodge room will be opened on that day , it is hoped that you will be able to attend , and , as Worshi pful Master of the lodge , I give you a most hearty and cordial invitation

Bro . Sir GEORGE ELLIOT , in acknowledging the gift , complimented the deputation on the edifice they had erected at Pontypridd , and said it would be a pleasure to him to be amongst them on every possible occasion .

Early Masonic Halls In Philadelphia.

EARLY MASONIC HALLS IN PHILADELPHIA .

The " Pennsylvania Freemasons' Hall , on Filbert Street , above Eighth , south side , was a bulding originally erected for * a dwelling , was purchased and altered by the Grand Lodge , and was in use for meetings ,

at a time when the city at Chestnut Street did not extend much beyond Sixth . The lot first considered as a site for the hall , on Arch Street above Ninth , was rejected as too for out of town . A large pond of water was situated at the northeast corner of Eighth and Arch ,

When this Filbert Street building was ready for occupation with the alterations complete , in November , 1802 , there were 37 J cents in the hands of the Grand Treasurer with which to pay a balance of some 3000 dollars on the total cost of 9000 dollars . The building was dedicated on the 27 th of December , 1802 . No

cornerstone had been laid , as it was not originally intended for this use . On the dedication day , a large Masonic procession moved to the hall , the line forming at the church of the Universalists , on Lombard-street , above Fourth , The " Pennsylvania Freemasons' Hall" gave way to the march of

improvement , and was demolished some seven years ago , though it had not been used for Masonic purposes for 60 years , but the church on Lombard-street still stands , though it is unoccupied and in the last stages of dilapidation , It will follow the example of the other buildings at no distant date .

The Filbert-street hall was the fir ^ t regular place of meeting of Union Lodge in 1810 . The first regular meeting was held there . When we were compiling our sketch of this lodge ' s history , the pamphlet which one of our Past Masters , Bro George W . Hall , has so kindly published for the lodge and in such beautiful form , it was discovered , however , that our birth place ,

the place where the meetings of the preliminary association were held , was the old Kennedy Tavern , or the Tavern then kept in the ori ginal Penn House in Letitia Court . Many of our members will remember how that house appeared before it was moved from Letitia-street to Fairmount Park , which , however , was not as the house appeared when the lodge was formed

there . Previous to removal there was a house in the court towards the south , with a conspicuous sign , " The William Penn Hotel , " which was then thought to be the Penn House . It was afterwards found that the next

house towards the north , one having a small beer keg over a projecting sign , was the real Penn House , and it was this house that was No . 9 , Letitia Court in 1810 where Kennedy kept his tavern , It was this house that was moved to the Park at the time of the Bi-Centennial celebration of the

founding of Pennsylvania , where it may now be seen . The room in which the meetings of the Association of Union took place was the third story , which was , and is now again , one large room . As it now exists in the Park , it is occupied by Bro . Horace W . Smith as a study . This same room , it has since been found , was also some years later the birth place of another younger lodge .

The Filbert Street Hall sufficed but for a few years . The appearance , situation , and inconveniences of the building were soon found unsuited to the increasing wants of the Craft . A more central locality was desirable . The lot on Chestnut-street above Seventh was soon purchased , and the first hall upon that site erected . That building stood back fifty feet from the

street line . In front was a low wall and gateway surmounted with railing ' ' The hall was of brick , rough cast , and with marble trimmings . It had a wooden steeple , 180 feet high , towards the erection of which the citizens generally were asked to contribute , upon the ground that it would be an

ornament to the city . A large room on the first floor was rented for public purposes , as well as used for great feasts . It was used some years later for an adult Masons' Sunday-school , which was said to be the first Sundayschool established in the city .

This hall was dedicated on St . John ' s Day , June 24 th , 1811 . On that day the brethren , representing thirty-one lodges , met at the old College Hall ) Fourth and Arch Streets , and went in procession to St . John ' s Lutheran Church on Sassafras , now Race , Street above Fifth . This church ma )'

possibly have been selected for its appropriate name . Here Grand Master Milnor delivered an oration , after which the procession moved to the hall-The first Chestnut Street building cost , when finished , nearly 87 , °°° dollars .

Before the debt was entirely extinguished , on March 9 th , 1819 , while a dancing party was in progress in the lower hall , and Washington Lodg e was at labour in the Grand Lodge room , a fire broke out in the building ' which originated from a defective flue in the hall room . In a few hours the Craft was homeless . The members of Washington barely escaped wit 11

their lives , leaving an unclosed lodge , which stands to this day perpetual open . Nor was the loss of the building the only calamity . Valuable book ' papers , and records of the Grand , and most of the subordinate lodges , wer destroyed . The records of Union were one of the few exceptions , thoug we lost other property of some value . —Bro . T . C . Knauff in Keystone .

“The Freemason: 1887-04-16, Page 2” Masonic Periodicals Online, Library and Museum of Freemasonry, 8 April 2026, django:8000/periodicals/fvl/issues/fvl_16041887/page/2/.
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CONTENTS. Article 1
Untitled Article 1
PROVINCIAL GRAND CHAPTER SOUTH WALES (EASTERN DIVISION). Article 2
EARLY MASONIC HALLS IN PHILADELPHIA. Article 2
ROYAL MASONIC BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION. Article 3
THE GRAND SECRETARY IN WALES. Article 3
THE THEATRES. Article 3
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To Correspondents. Article 5
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Original Correspondence. Article 5
REVIEWS Article 6
Masonic Notes and Queries. Article 6
REPORTS OF MASONIC MEETINGS. Article 7
INSTRUCTION. Article 9
Royal Arch. Article 10
Mark Masonry. Article 10
Ancient and Accepted Rite. Article 10
Malta. Article 11
The Craft Abroad. Article 11
Obituary. Article 11
MASONIC AND GENERAL TIDINGS Article 11
METROPOLITAN MASONIC MEETINGS. Article 12
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Ar00200

facts of current Masonic history , especially in its own neighbourhood and within its own borders . For its especial behoof , therefore , we venture respectfully to point out , as regards the Grand Lodge of England , that it has never advanced any such claim as our contemporary suggests against either the Grand Lodgeof Canada or the Grand Lodge of Quebec ,

which both exercise jurisdiction independencies of the British Crown . All our said Grand Lodge has done , has been to insist that Canada and Quebec should respect the rig hts of such lodges of English Constitution in those dependencies as preferred remaining in their original obedience ; in other words , that they should not interfere with its own rights as already

established years before either the Canadian or Quebec Grand Lodges were thought of . Canada has always gracefully conceded this right , Quebec has not , and there the matter rests . This , however , is very different from exercising or claiming to exercise jurisdiction within the borders of Canada

or Ouebec which England by treaty in the case of Canada , and without treaty in that of Quebec , has never dreamt of attempting . We have no fear of argument , but the Canadian Craftsman will do well to avoid making assertions which are capable , as in this instance , of immediate disproof .

Provincial Grand Chapter South Wales (Eastern Division).

PROVINCIAL GRAND CHAPTER SOUTH WALES ( EASTERN DIVISION ) .

A meeting of unusual interest , to which we took an opportunity of referring last week , was held in the Masonic Hall , Working-street , Cardiff , on Monday , the 4 th inst ., when M . E . Comp . Marmaduke Tennant , who for some time past has held the important office of Deputy Prov . G . Master under Bro . Sir George Elliot , Bart ., M . P ., P . G . M ., was installed Prov .

G . Superintendent of Royal Arch Masons , the ceremony being performed by Comp . Col . Shadwell H . Clerke , Grand Scribe E ., in his usual able and impressive manner , assisted by Comps . Col . Lyne , P . G . Supt . Monmouthshire , and Col . Adair , P . G . Supt . Somersetshire , who occupied the chairs

of H . and J . respectively . Considerably over 100 companions must have been present on the occasion . The most conspicuous among them being Comps . the Earl of Limerick , G . S . N . ; H . Sandeman , Past District G . Supt . Bengal ; Col . Somerville Burney , Past G . S . N . ; and J . C . Parkinson , Past G . S . B .

At the conclusion of the ceremony the Prov . G . Supt . appointed his officers for the year . Comp . J . G . Hall ... ... ... ... Prov . G . H . „ S . Cooper ... ... ... ... Prov . G . J . „ W . Whittington ... ... ... Prov . G . S . E . „ T . Matthews ... ... ... ... Prov . G . S . N . ,, Tames Hurman ... ... ... Prov . G . Treas .

„ John Rogers ... ... ... ... Prov . G . Reg . „ H . Simons ... ... ... ... Prov . G . P . S . „ W . G . Davies ... ... ... Prov . G . ist A . S . ,, D . C . Jones ... ... ... ... Prov . G . 2 nd A . S . .. E . Roberts ... ... .,. ... Prov . G . Swd . Br .

„ J . McKim ... ... ... ... Prov . G . Std . Br . „ - J . C . Sladen ... ... ... ... Prov . G . D . C . „ Geo . Jones ... ... ... ... Prov . A . G . D . C . „ Geo . Allen .., ... ... ... Prov . G . Org . „ G . Bullerwell ... ... ... Prov . G . Janitor . Provincial Grand Chapter was afterwards closed , and the companions

adjourned to banquet at the Royal Hotel , M . E . Comp . M . Tennant presiding , and being well supported by his officers , and the distinguished visitors from London and the adjoining provinces , among whom , in addition to those we have already mentioned

were—Comps . Sir George Elliot , P . Z . ; S . George Homfray , P . G . S . B . and P . G . H . Mon . ; S . Weichert , P . Z . ; Hartley Feather , John T . Thomas , J . H . Taylor , E . H . Lloyd , A . Perkins , P . Z . ; C . H . Oliver , jun ., P . Z . ; R . Laybourne , D . R . David , Arthur H . Roberts , W . D . John , Edward Dawson , G . Bowden , Ivor J . Roberts , Edward Ensor , E . Bregeon , B . P . Davies , W . Davies , G . W . Clare , Lewis Jones , F . P . Adey , J . R

Davies , G . H . Llewellyn , J . Sanders , W . F . Stevens , John H . Dunn , Stephen Lewis , H . W . Davies , VV . Anstice , T . Phillips , A . Peters , Charles F . Gooch , J . A . Kelly , Alfred Taylor , D . Godfrey Thomas , E . Edgar Morgan , John M . Smith , George Hazell , Samuel Davies , Sidney Coleman , Thomas Kvans , C . Carey Thomas , H . T . Box , T . P . Martin , Richard Male , I . F . M'Clune , VV . R . Perrott , J . O . Lewis , George Thomas , A . P .

Fabian , W . G . Flanders , W . H . 3 hute , Joseph Jones , Samuel Davies , R . Parry , F . Bradford , J . Hughes . A . J . Sinclair , T . Walters , | . Rogers , Edwin J . Whitley , Fred . Russell , R . Capper , W . F . Gillett , W . Pickford , T . P . Garrett , Herbert Reece , W . H . Davies , A . Barnett , J . Peckwer , H . L . Lace , D , Williams , J . R . Wood , John Munday , J . C . Sladen , R . Price , J . W . Mitchell , W . C . Hurley , W . J . Jones , and A . Jenkins .

We may state that another Royal Arch Chapter is being formed at Penrith , which will be attached to Lodge No . 960 , and will be consecrated at an early date . In the course of the proceedings a deputation from Pontypridd was introduced for the purpose of presenting Sir George Elliot , Bart ., M . P ., Prov .

Grand Master of the province , with the silver trowel used by him on the occasion of his laying the foundation-stone of the Masonic Hall at Pontypridd . The deputation consisted of Bros . Stephen Lewis , W . M . of the Merlin Lodge ; Dr . H . N . Davies , P . P . G . R . ; R . Male , P . P . G . R . ; J . F . M'Clune , J . D . ; and W . R . Parrott , P . G . W .

Bro . LEWIS , W . M ., in making the presentation , said : Right Worshipful Provincial Grand Master , —It is with extreme pleasure I have the honour , with the brethren who accompany me , to meet you to-day , on behalf of the members of the Merlin Lodge , for the purpose of presenting you with the trowel used by you on the occasion of laying the foundation-stone of the

Masonic Hall at Pontypridd . The members of the Merlin Lodge fully appreciate the sinceie interest you have always taken in their welfare , which has been specially shown by your munificent gift , as an inducement to them to provide a suitable home for the lod ge . They recoanise the impetus which you thus gave to the scheme ; and I am pleased to be able to assure you that the lodge has used every effort to raise a superstructure

Provincial Grand Chapter South Wales (Eastern Division).

perfect in all its parts , and honourable to the builder , and they hope second to none in the province under your rule . In handing to you the trowel , \ ve hope that the Most High will be pleased to spare you to us for many years to come , to look upon it as an extra bond of union between the lodge and yourself , as well as between yourself and the district , and that when \ t

pleases Him to summon you to the Grand Lodge above , the trowel may be handed down to , and treasured by , a worthy successor to a worth y sire . The annual festival of the Merlin Lodge will take place on the first Monday in May , and as the new lodge room will be opened on that day , it is hoped that you will be able to attend , and , as Worshi pful Master of the lodge , I give you a most hearty and cordial invitation

Bro . Sir GEORGE ELLIOT , in acknowledging the gift , complimented the deputation on the edifice they had erected at Pontypridd , and said it would be a pleasure to him to be amongst them on every possible occasion .

Early Masonic Halls In Philadelphia.

EARLY MASONIC HALLS IN PHILADELPHIA .

The " Pennsylvania Freemasons' Hall , on Filbert Street , above Eighth , south side , was a bulding originally erected for * a dwelling , was purchased and altered by the Grand Lodge , and was in use for meetings ,

at a time when the city at Chestnut Street did not extend much beyond Sixth . The lot first considered as a site for the hall , on Arch Street above Ninth , was rejected as too for out of town . A large pond of water was situated at the northeast corner of Eighth and Arch ,

When this Filbert Street building was ready for occupation with the alterations complete , in November , 1802 , there were 37 J cents in the hands of the Grand Treasurer with which to pay a balance of some 3000 dollars on the total cost of 9000 dollars . The building was dedicated on the 27 th of December , 1802 . No

cornerstone had been laid , as it was not originally intended for this use . On the dedication day , a large Masonic procession moved to the hall , the line forming at the church of the Universalists , on Lombard-street , above Fourth , The " Pennsylvania Freemasons' Hall" gave way to the march of

improvement , and was demolished some seven years ago , though it had not been used for Masonic purposes for 60 years , but the church on Lombard-street still stands , though it is unoccupied and in the last stages of dilapidation , It will follow the example of the other buildings at no distant date .

The Filbert-street hall was the fir ^ t regular place of meeting of Union Lodge in 1810 . The first regular meeting was held there . When we were compiling our sketch of this lodge ' s history , the pamphlet which one of our Past Masters , Bro George W . Hall , has so kindly published for the lodge and in such beautiful form , it was discovered , however , that our birth place ,

the place where the meetings of the preliminary association were held , was the old Kennedy Tavern , or the Tavern then kept in the ori ginal Penn House in Letitia Court . Many of our members will remember how that house appeared before it was moved from Letitia-street to Fairmount Park , which , however , was not as the house appeared when the lodge was formed

there . Previous to removal there was a house in the court towards the south , with a conspicuous sign , " The William Penn Hotel , " which was then thought to be the Penn House . It was afterwards found that the next

house towards the north , one having a small beer keg over a projecting sign , was the real Penn House , and it was this house that was No . 9 , Letitia Court in 1810 where Kennedy kept his tavern , It was this house that was moved to the Park at the time of the Bi-Centennial celebration of the

founding of Pennsylvania , where it may now be seen . The room in which the meetings of the Association of Union took place was the third story , which was , and is now again , one large room . As it now exists in the Park , it is occupied by Bro . Horace W . Smith as a study . This same room , it has since been found , was also some years later the birth place of another younger lodge .

The Filbert Street Hall sufficed but for a few years . The appearance , situation , and inconveniences of the building were soon found unsuited to the increasing wants of the Craft . A more central locality was desirable . The lot on Chestnut-street above Seventh was soon purchased , and the first hall upon that site erected . That building stood back fifty feet from the

street line . In front was a low wall and gateway surmounted with railing ' ' The hall was of brick , rough cast , and with marble trimmings . It had a wooden steeple , 180 feet high , towards the erection of which the citizens generally were asked to contribute , upon the ground that it would be an

ornament to the city . A large room on the first floor was rented for public purposes , as well as used for great feasts . It was used some years later for an adult Masons' Sunday-school , which was said to be the first Sundayschool established in the city .

This hall was dedicated on St . John ' s Day , June 24 th , 1811 . On that day the brethren , representing thirty-one lodges , met at the old College Hall ) Fourth and Arch Streets , and went in procession to St . John ' s Lutheran Church on Sassafras , now Race , Street above Fifth . This church ma )'

possibly have been selected for its appropriate name . Here Grand Master Milnor delivered an oration , after which the procession moved to the hall-The first Chestnut Street building cost , when finished , nearly 87 , °°° dollars .

Before the debt was entirely extinguished , on March 9 th , 1819 , while a dancing party was in progress in the lower hall , and Washington Lodg e was at labour in the Grand Lodge room , a fire broke out in the building ' which originated from a defective flue in the hall room . In a few hours the Craft was homeless . The members of Washington barely escaped wit 11

their lives , leaving an unclosed lodge , which stands to this day perpetual open . Nor was the loss of the building the only calamity . Valuable book ' papers , and records of the Grand , and most of the subordinate lodges , wer destroyed . The records of Union were one of the few exceptions , thoug we lost other property of some value . —Bro . T . C . Knauff in Keystone .

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