Skip to main content
Museum of Freemasonry

Masonic Periodicals Online

  • Explore
  • Advanced Search
  • Home
  • Explore
  • The Freemason's Chronicle
  • June 26, 1880
  • Page 8
Current:

The Freemason's Chronicle, June 26, 1880: Page 8

  • Back to The Freemason's Chronicle, June 26, 1880
  • Print image
  • Articles/Ads
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Article Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
    Ad Untitled Page 1 of 1
Page 8

Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.

Ad00804

THE FREEMASONS * TAVERN , GliEAT QUEEN STitEET , LONDON W . C . Thi > u , lminil >' . « i ' . ml imviv . Uk'd-. u-oouim «! atiott pvuvi <' . « Uit llii KstuWUlimcnt fov IVCJLSOiTZC BAUQTJBTS , PUBLIC AND PRIVATE DINNERS , WEDDING BREAKFASTS , BALLS , f : c . Is too well known Mtii'ocli-iiiiiini'iit . Tit . " cntiiviitaiifi - 'i'mt-iith .-i < been changed , ami tho KstaUUsUun'itt tn ullit < br . lwfl-. t- ; tUiitvii'iUly l-u-oi-n -utiisud . Tim utti-nti . m uf tlie M ; i *) ttU : B . nly i- . ltivctfvl to tlu nui . iy : ulv ; mt ;\„> es olTerert . CUISTTSTjr . OF TH'K HtGfHEST CHARACTER . WBNi ; S PEKJ'Kt'T IN CONDITION AND QBAMTT . H . B . -D 1 NMERS PROVIDED FROM 3 > . RESTAL'R . VN ' T , WIXB , . SJtOKtNU & RETIRING ROOMS . The fullest niciisurc of public coufidoiico anil support ensured . BRO . ALFRED BEST , PROPRIETOR .

Ad00805

HEW MASONIC ROOSV 3 S COMPLETE SUITE , ^^^ ioN ^^ x SPECIALLY ARRANGED / fjgp ^ lLODGE , BANQUETTIN 6 , io ) , i ^^ pi ^ AND ANTE EOOM S , ^ C ?^ rf ^ y ALL 0 N 0 NE P L 00 R - ^< *^ = i ^^ i - ''' ' rartiouliirs to bo had of ERG . A . KENT , M 00 EGATE STATION RESTAURANT , © Pl'OSMUJ KAIMVAV STATION , From which trains run nt frequent intervals in connection with tlio Great Northern , Midland , Great Western , London Chatham & Dover , and Metropolitan Railways .

Ad00806

NO TICE . MASONIC LODGES , BANQUETS , & c . AT U'HE CRITERION . SPIERS & POND respectfully beg to invite attention to the splendid Suite of Masouic Rooms in the Criterion Annexe , speciall y designed for all hinds of Masonic Meetings and Functions . ORITERIOI , REGENT GIBGUS , PICCADILLY .

Ad00807

DINNERS FEOM THE JOINT , from TWELVE to THREE o'Clock . pHOrS and STEAKS from the GRILL , till FIVE o'Clock . T . Maidwell , Hercules Tavern , Leadenhall St ., City .

Ad00808

VITRUVIAN LODGE , No . 87 . BRO . ISAAC , who has for somo time pa 3 tprovided for the requirements of this Lodge , begs to announce th . t lie has obtained permission for the removal of his license to the lielvcdn-c-i-oad , and that he has erected commodious premises there . Those comprise . A . SIP-A-CIOTTS ZMZASOHSTZC ZECA-XiX ,.

Ad00809

WITH AJfTE JlOOMS , LAP . GE EANQUETTINCr HALL , Together with every convenience for Masonic gatherings . Applications from Secretaries and others for accommodation to bo addressed . G . ISAAC , " "VViriiH HAM-, " COLLEGE STIIEET , LAMBETH , Lo . YDorr , S . E .

Ad00810

MUSIC-UNIVERSAL MUSIC , ciri ^ v KTsrc ; - *; TJ > TI-IK WORLD . L " ^ WILL I'AY JJ 5 to any person—not blind—; : nrl in full possession of their faculties , who fails to play : < - i . 'i .- ! . ' io or Harmonium by my system Iv . vKnrvTr . r . T—without the . SMfiirrrs-r ivxo \ vr , r . iK > E of Jtrsrn or of the fi'srur-. ui :. \ r it-elf . Full iinrtifiihiiv :, p » .. u i ' roo , Twelve Stamps . F . OALDEE , TOTTEBDOW 2 J , BRISTOL . Ci'vhlhhi ( Uu ' io of 'J 7 i . li fjepttiiiber l-i 7 !> says : — "It i-i i | iiito equal to all it profusses to accomplish . "

Ad00811

Ninth Kdilion , post frP ' .-, One Shilling . " f \ IX . WATTS on ASTHMA . A Trear . iso < m tho only Successful \ J Method of Cm-iii- ; tho Difeas - e . I' . y lloi ' . Kiii- ( 1 . WAITS , il . I ) ., t ' . lt . S . L , Xv ., -J ( i' . il :-f . roil (! - > li'u (; f ' , < 'avi'iidi ¦•¦ i ! -s ([ U ¦; re , I . ouiioii . Loiid ' .-p .: jilir ' .-i £ i : r , r , A :,- ;> CO ., lluil Linn-cuvi , I'lu'jt-ni- 'oet .

Ar00800

';; yOYAL rOLYTl'lUUNIC— "lilnndiu , " the most ¦ wonderful Antei J . niuf'iii ni' IV' \^ e . pr ..-1 ' .. . 'i . is daily on the liigli i-ujic . fShakespc .-irhm i ! 'ci >; . ' s : M . u : h ... I-., Hnm ' . ; . r . . " , [ . r ^' ia !!' .. nf Venice , I . , . -- I ! r . ifn . ' ! and <; I '; , ' ! .- ( . . , M ! ii . ti-. it . vl I .,- :- ' r :. ' . ' -i in . il I'ii . riMi t- KC ' ccis . A Ifj li . liiy i'i Scotland , by Mr ! I ! .. ! . M : ' . l ( l" : i , with ' iK ' .-uit . ' ii ' iil . Natural l'hot < " ; n ; pr , s , ; T-.-pai-ed soeriailv . or this i ' 'aauv . Tile- l'li . a ; o . r .., 'ia ,,. ' . V-nu-v . . ¦ ui : l rh-Hphoro-x-enc' -, by Mr . . f . ' f .. KJII _ -. Tau Magiciai-. l- ' uikd : a i . ™ ami aiimsinir Gimsr , Kni . ei-iaiiiiu lit , written l , y Jjilii Rcyn-jlus , recited l . y ili .-a Ali-.-j Lhin .-jlk ,-. Admission to the whole , Is .

Ad00801

Hote-ALTERATION of DATE & PLACE of FESTIVAL . So mil Masonic Institution fox % BX \ B , WOOD GREEN , LONDON , N . THE EIGHTY-SECOND ANNIVERSARY FESTIVAL , CRYSTAL PALACE , SYDENHAM , THTJESDAT , l * t CTTJXJY 188 O . THE RIGHT HON . THE EARL OF LATHOM , E . W . DEPUTY GRAND MASTER , PKOVINCIAL GRAND MASTER OF WEST LANCASHIRE , IN THE CHAIB . Board of Stewards . President : Bro . Lt .-Col . N . LE GENDRE STARKIE , R . W . Provincial Grand Master of East Lancashire . Acting Vice-Presidents . IU . Hon . LORD CREMORNE , No . 6 . W . Bro . JOHN WORDSWORTH , Trustee , Y .-Patron of Institution , P . Pr . G . W . West Yorkshire . „ J . A . PUCKER , P . G . D ., V .-Patron of Institution . „ HORACE BROOKS MARSHALL ( CO . ) , V .-Patrou of lust . „ CLEMENT R . N . BESWICKE ROYDS , P . Pr . G . W . East Lancashire ; Y .-Pres . of Institution . „ Lt . Col . SOMERVILLE BURNEY , P . Pr . G . D . Essox . Hon . Treasurer : W . Bro . J . G . STEVENS , P . M . and Treasurer No . 554 . With 291 other Brethren , representing Lodges and Provinces , to which additions are still earnestly solicited . The services of Brethren will loe gratefully acknowledged . MUSICAL ARRANGEMENTS . —Miss Mary McLean will sing two songs . Miss Hopekirk will play a Pianoforte Solo . Pupils' Choir , with Professional Assistants , under the direction of Mr . W . H . Holmes , Musical Instructor . Pupils' Band , conducted by Mr . W . Whan , Band Master . Tickets Ladies 15 s ; Brethren 21 s . Dinner on TaTale at i'ive o'Cloclc precisely . Every information may be obtained at the Office of the Institution , 6 Freemasons' Hall , W . C . FREDERICK BINCKES , V .-Pres . ( P . G . Stwd . ) Secretary , aud Hon . Sec . Board of Stewards . 7 th Juno 1380 .

Ad00802

1 i D ! GS ( RAOCLYFFE & CO ., F . R . H . S ., « %£ P HIZE M ED ^ S EEDS . 5 lfb 2 « 5 r * LON 0 S ^ r- ~^? ' _ S ^ 5 Jt 6- ^ J ^ = ^ v A h P i ? ^ t ^ •/* 3 * 6 } - * 7 £ ^~** ^ ^^ - ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ' ^ ^* " ,= ' ^^ Jr g a o 0 1 * Z % CftRHTJ ^^ HSKvTDEC « TALQttOC . I « * 0 I | I i tcL \\ Dji ^/ y >/)^| X & 11 g » § l | £ o *« 8 «** - | 3 * S % 'lm i 2 129 HIGH HOLBORN . W . C . r

Ad00803

^ ^ j || L ^_ BOILING WATER ( ^ Sl ^^ S HALF A MINUTE . Iftzr * < a « " ifftfi . l ' ll THE £ R ° WATER ,. | ' I | 'i ' * < fa . II C ? Fl ll ^ 'liil INSTANTANEOUS i > IF ill iff ' I j ° r WATER HEATER s I lit u 1 1 - * A ! 'J mTER ^ ' ' i ' \ h O Is the Best Boiler for 1 > " * T—4 * i it " i I'll 111 fjYii f ! " , ^ jj . _ _ Baths , Lavatories , and all IIIJi IllVi Wii ^ Domestic Purposes . I' f I ' niIwii " I sttl ? CS T SN ^^^^^^^^ EWAE - & 0 ' ^^^^^^^^ 040 EUSTON EOAD .

“The Freemason's Chronicle: 1880-06-26, Page 8” Masonic Periodicals Online, Library and Museum of Freemasonry, 21 May 2025, django:8000/periodicals/fcn/issues/fcn_26061880/page/8/.
  • List
  • Grid
Title Category Page
OUR TWELFTH VOLUME. Article 1
THE APPROACHING FESTIVAL OF THE BOYS' SCHOOL. Article 1
ROYAL MASONIC PUPILS' ASSISTANCE FUND. Article 2
MEETING OF THE LODGE OF BENEVOLENCE. Article 3
REVIEWS. Article 4
NORTH AFRICA. Article 5
INSTALLATION MEETINGS, &c. Article 5
SOUTHERN STAR LODGE, No. 1158. Article 5
MALLING ABBEY LODGE, No. 1063. Article 6
HANDEL FESTIVAL. Article 6
CORRESPONDENCE. Article 7
Untitled Ad 7
Untitled Ad 7
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Article 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 8
Untitled Ad 9
Untitled Ad 9
Untitled Ad 9
Untitled Article 9
ANNUAL VISIT OF STEWARDS TO THE R.M.B.I. Article 9
COMMITTEE MEETING OF THE BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION. Article 10
COMMITTEE MEETING OF THE GIRLS' SCHOOL. Article 10
MUSIC—ITS PLACE AND INFLUENCE. Article 11
ANCIENT AND PRIMITIVE RITE OF MASONRY. (MEMPHIS AND MIZRAIM.) Article 11
DIARY FOR THE WEEK. Article 12
NOTICES OF MEETINGS. Article 12
ABBEY LODGE, No. 1184, BATTLE. Article 13
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 14
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 15
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Untitled Ad 16
Page 1

Page 1

3 Articles
Page 2

Page 2

3 Articles
Page 3

Page 3

3 Articles
Page 4

Page 4

2 Articles
Page 5

Page 5

3 Articles
Page 6

Page 6

3 Articles
Page 7

Page 7

3 Articles
Page 8

Page 8

12 Articles
Page 9

Page 9

6 Articles
Page 10

Page 10

3 Articles
Page 11

Page 11

3 Articles
Page 12

Page 12

3 Articles
Page 13

Page 13

2 Articles
Page 14

Page 14

8 Articles
Page 15

Page 15

16 Articles
Page 16

Page 16

16 Articles
Page 8

Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.

Ad00804

THE FREEMASONS * TAVERN , GliEAT QUEEN STitEET , LONDON W . C . Thi > u , lminil >' . « i ' . ml imviv . Uk'd-. u-oouim «! atiott pvuvi <' . « Uit llii KstuWUlimcnt fov IVCJLSOiTZC BAUQTJBTS , PUBLIC AND PRIVATE DINNERS , WEDDING BREAKFASTS , BALLS , f : c . Is too well known Mtii'ocli-iiiiiini'iit . Tit . " cntiiviitaiifi - 'i'mt-iith .-i < been changed , ami tho KstaUUsUun'itt tn ullit < br . lwfl-. t- ; tUiitvii'iUly l-u-oi-n -utiisud . Tim utti-nti . m uf tlie M ; i *) ttU : B . nly i- . ltivctfvl to tlu nui . iy : ulv ; mt ;\„> es olTerert . CUISTTSTjr . OF TH'K HtGfHEST CHARACTER . WBNi ; S PEKJ'Kt'T IN CONDITION AND QBAMTT . H . B . -D 1 NMERS PROVIDED FROM 3 > . RESTAL'R . VN ' T , WIXB , . SJtOKtNU & RETIRING ROOMS . The fullest niciisurc of public coufidoiico anil support ensured . BRO . ALFRED BEST , PROPRIETOR .

Ad00805

HEW MASONIC ROOSV 3 S COMPLETE SUITE , ^^^ ioN ^^ x SPECIALLY ARRANGED / fjgp ^ lLODGE , BANQUETTIN 6 , io ) , i ^^ pi ^ AND ANTE EOOM S , ^ C ?^ rf ^ y ALL 0 N 0 NE P L 00 R - ^< *^ = i ^^ i - ''' ' rartiouliirs to bo had of ERG . A . KENT , M 00 EGATE STATION RESTAURANT , © Pl'OSMUJ KAIMVAV STATION , From which trains run nt frequent intervals in connection with tlio Great Northern , Midland , Great Western , London Chatham & Dover , and Metropolitan Railways .

Ad00806

NO TICE . MASONIC LODGES , BANQUETS , & c . AT U'HE CRITERION . SPIERS & POND respectfully beg to invite attention to the splendid Suite of Masouic Rooms in the Criterion Annexe , speciall y designed for all hinds of Masonic Meetings and Functions . ORITERIOI , REGENT GIBGUS , PICCADILLY .

Ad00807

DINNERS FEOM THE JOINT , from TWELVE to THREE o'Clock . pHOrS and STEAKS from the GRILL , till FIVE o'Clock . T . Maidwell , Hercules Tavern , Leadenhall St ., City .

Ad00808

VITRUVIAN LODGE , No . 87 . BRO . ISAAC , who has for somo time pa 3 tprovided for the requirements of this Lodge , begs to announce th . t lie has obtained permission for the removal of his license to the lielvcdn-c-i-oad , and that he has erected commodious premises there . Those comprise . A . SIP-A-CIOTTS ZMZASOHSTZC ZECA-XiX ,.

Ad00809

WITH AJfTE JlOOMS , LAP . GE EANQUETTINCr HALL , Together with every convenience for Masonic gatherings . Applications from Secretaries and others for accommodation to bo addressed . G . ISAAC , " "VViriiH HAM-, " COLLEGE STIIEET , LAMBETH , Lo . YDorr , S . E .

Ad00810

MUSIC-UNIVERSAL MUSIC , ciri ^ v KTsrc ; - *; TJ > TI-IK WORLD . L " ^ WILL I'AY JJ 5 to any person—not blind—; : nrl in full possession of their faculties , who fails to play : < - i . 'i .- ! . ' io or Harmonium by my system Iv . vKnrvTr . r . T—without the . SMfiirrrs-r ivxo \ vr , r . iK > E of Jtrsrn or of the fi'srur-. ui :. \ r it-elf . Full iinrtifiihiiv :, p » .. u i ' roo , Twelve Stamps . F . OALDEE , TOTTEBDOW 2 J , BRISTOL . Ci'vhlhhi ( Uu ' io of 'J 7 i . li fjepttiiiber l-i 7 !> says : — "It i-i i | iiito equal to all it profusses to accomplish . "

Ad00811

Ninth Kdilion , post frP ' .-, One Shilling . " f \ IX . WATTS on ASTHMA . A Trear . iso < m tho only Successful \ J Method of Cm-iii- ; tho Difeas - e . I' . y lloi ' . Kiii- ( 1 . WAITS , il . I ) ., t ' . lt . S . L , Xv ., -J ( i' . il :-f . roil (! - > li'u (; f ' , < 'avi'iidi ¦•¦ i ! -s ([ U ¦; re , I . ouiioii . Loiid ' .-p .: jilir ' .-i £ i : r , r , A :,- ;> CO ., lluil Linn-cuvi , I'lu'jt-ni- 'oet .

Ar00800

';; yOYAL rOLYTl'lUUNIC— "lilnndiu , " the most ¦ wonderful Antei J . niuf'iii ni' IV' \^ e . pr ..-1 ' .. . 'i . is daily on the liigli i-ujic . fShakespc .-irhm i ! 'ci >; . ' s : M . u : h ... I-., Hnm ' . ; . r . . " , [ . r ^' ia !!' .. nf Venice , I . , . -- I ! r . ifn . ' ! and <; I '; , ' ! .- ( . . , M ! ii . ti-. it . vl I .,- :- ' r :. ' . ' -i in . il I'ii . riMi t- KC ' ccis . A Ifj li . liiy i'i Scotland , by Mr ! I ! .. ! . M : ' . l ( l" : i , with ' iK ' .-uit . ' ii ' iil . Natural l'hot < " ; n ; pr , s , ; T-.-pai-ed soeriailv . or this i ' 'aauv . Tile- l'li . a ; o . r .., 'ia ,,. ' . V-nu-v . . ¦ ui : l rh-Hphoro-x-enc' -, by Mr . . f . ' f .. KJII _ -. Tau Magiciai-. l- ' uikd : a i . ™ ami aiimsinir Gimsr , Kni . ei-iaiiiiu lit , written l , y Jjilii Rcyn-jlus , recited l . y ili .-a Ali-.-j Lhin .-jlk ,-. Admission to the whole , Is .

Ad00801

Hote-ALTERATION of DATE & PLACE of FESTIVAL . So mil Masonic Institution fox % BX \ B , WOOD GREEN , LONDON , N . THE EIGHTY-SECOND ANNIVERSARY FESTIVAL , CRYSTAL PALACE , SYDENHAM , THTJESDAT , l * t CTTJXJY 188 O . THE RIGHT HON . THE EARL OF LATHOM , E . W . DEPUTY GRAND MASTER , PKOVINCIAL GRAND MASTER OF WEST LANCASHIRE , IN THE CHAIB . Board of Stewards . President : Bro . Lt .-Col . N . LE GENDRE STARKIE , R . W . Provincial Grand Master of East Lancashire . Acting Vice-Presidents . IU . Hon . LORD CREMORNE , No . 6 . W . Bro . JOHN WORDSWORTH , Trustee , Y .-Patron of Institution , P . Pr . G . W . West Yorkshire . „ J . A . PUCKER , P . G . D ., V .-Patron of Institution . „ HORACE BROOKS MARSHALL ( CO . ) , V .-Patrou of lust . „ CLEMENT R . N . BESWICKE ROYDS , P . Pr . G . W . East Lancashire ; Y .-Pres . of Institution . „ Lt . Col . SOMERVILLE BURNEY , P . Pr . G . D . Essox . Hon . Treasurer : W . Bro . J . G . STEVENS , P . M . and Treasurer No . 554 . With 291 other Brethren , representing Lodges and Provinces , to which additions are still earnestly solicited . The services of Brethren will loe gratefully acknowledged . MUSICAL ARRANGEMENTS . —Miss Mary McLean will sing two songs . Miss Hopekirk will play a Pianoforte Solo . Pupils' Choir , with Professional Assistants , under the direction of Mr . W . H . Holmes , Musical Instructor . Pupils' Band , conducted by Mr . W . Whan , Band Master . Tickets Ladies 15 s ; Brethren 21 s . Dinner on TaTale at i'ive o'Cloclc precisely . Every information may be obtained at the Office of the Institution , 6 Freemasons' Hall , W . C . FREDERICK BINCKES , V .-Pres . ( P . G . Stwd . ) Secretary , aud Hon . Sec . Board of Stewards . 7 th Juno 1380 .

Ad00802

1 i D ! GS ( RAOCLYFFE & CO ., F . R . H . S ., « %£ P HIZE M ED ^ S EEDS . 5 lfb 2 « 5 r * LON 0 S ^ r- ~^? ' _ S ^ 5 Jt 6- ^ J ^ = ^ v A h P i ? ^ t ^ •/* 3 * 6 } - * 7 £ ^~** ^ ^^ - ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ' ^ ^* " ,= ' ^^ Jr g a o 0 1 * Z % CftRHTJ ^^ HSKvTDEC « TALQttOC . I « * 0 I | I i tcL \\ Dji ^/ y >/)^| X & 11 g » § l | £ o *« 8 «** - | 3 * S % 'lm i 2 129 HIGH HOLBORN . W . C . r

Ad00803

^ ^ j || L ^_ BOILING WATER ( ^ Sl ^^ S HALF A MINUTE . Iftzr * < a « " ifftfi . l ' ll THE £ R ° WATER ,. | ' I | 'i ' * < fa . II C ? Fl ll ^ 'liil INSTANTANEOUS i > IF ill iff ' I j ° r WATER HEATER s I lit u 1 1 - * A ! 'J mTER ^ ' ' i ' \ h O Is the Best Boiler for 1 > " * T—4 * i it " i I'll 111 fjYii f ! " , ^ jj . _ _ Baths , Lavatories , and all IIIJi IllVi Wii ^ Domestic Purposes . I' f I ' niIwii " I sttl ? CS T SN ^^^^^^^^ EWAE - & 0 ' ^^^^^^^^ 040 EUSTON EOAD .

  • Prev page
  • 1
  • 7
  • You're on page8
  • 9
  • 16
  • Next page
  • Accredited Museum Designated Outstanding Collection
  • LIBRARY AND MUSEUM CHARITABLE TRUST OF THE UNITED GRAND LODGE OF ENGLAND REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER 1058497 / ALL RIGHTS RESERVED © 2025

  • Accessibility statement

  • Designed, developed, and maintained by King's Digital Lab

We use cookies to track usage and preferences.

Privacy & cookie policy